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Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2753–2764, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.266
Graphical Abstract
Figure 1: a) Tetra ortho-substituted azobenzenes represent a significant advance in terms of Z-isomer stabili...
Figure 2: Minimum-energy geometry calculated for a) the Z-isomer ground state and b) the transition states wi...
Figure 3: Noncovalent index (NCI) surfaces calculated for representative pyrrolidine-based ortho-substituted ...
Figure 4: Noncovalent index (NCI) surfaces and θ dihedral angles (in red) calculated for the minimum-energy g...
Figure 5: Description of the lowest-lying n–π* excitation for the Z-isomers of halogenated 4pzH-F2 and 4pzH-C...
Figure 6: Description of the lowest-lying n–π* excitation for the E-isomers of halogenated 4pzH-F2 and 4pzH-C...
Figure 7: X-ray structures of 4pzMe-F2 (left), 4pzH-F2 (middle) and 4pzMe-OMe2 (right).
Figure 8: Experimental UV–vis spectra of 4pzMe-F2, 4pzMe-Cl2, 4pzMe-OMe2 and 4pzH-F2 in MeCN at 25 µM.
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 1570–1576, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.185
Scheme 1: 3-Component coupling reactions of arynes. E+ = electrophile.
Scheme 2: Aryne mediated α-arylation of amino acids. DMG = directed metallation group. BHT = 2,6-di-tert-buty...
Scheme 3: Proposed mechanism of α-arylation.
Scheme 4: Proposed extension of the methodology to synthesize quaternary adducts.
Scheme 5: Formation of α-methyl, α-aryl Schöllkopf adduct.
Figure 1: NOESY correlation observed for 6a.
Figure 2: X-ray crystal structure of 6b.
Figure 3: Transition state analysis to explain the lack of diastereoselectivity at C-2.
Scheme 6: Formation of quaternary adducts.
Scheme 7: Hydrolysis of quaternary adducts.
Scheme 8: Hydrolysis to amino acids.
Scheme 9: Hydrolysis of analogue 6j.
Scheme 10: Epimerization at C-3 of 6g.